CYCLONE BIPORJOY – GEOGRAPHY

News: Cyclone Bibarjoy set to hit Gujarat coast

 

What is in the news?

       When it comes to cyclones then the Indian subcontinent is one of the worst affected regions in the world-why? And measures taken by the Government to deal with the cyclones.

 

Reasons:

1. Geography:

       India is located in the region where the cyclonic activities are high.

       The North Indian Ocean is highly susceptible to the cyclonic formation due to a variety of reasons.

2. Long coastline:

       India has bordered both the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea; This is a more vulnerable zone to the cyclonic system.

       Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal tend to affect the eastern coastal states like Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and West Bengal, while those in the Arabian Sea affect the western coastal states like Gujarat and Maharashtra.

3. Warm Ocean Waters:

       The Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea have high sea surface temperatures, especially during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods.

       Warm waters provide the necessary heat and moisture for cyclone formation and intensification.

4. Monsoon Season:

       The Indian subcontinent experiences a monsoon climate, with a seasonal reversal of winds.

       This seasonal reversal of winds creates a conducive environment for the formation of the cyclones.

5. Climate Change:

       Climate change can also play a role in influencing cyclone behavior and intensity, potentially leading to more severe cyclones in the region.

6. Cyclone Frequency and Intensity:

       The Indian Ocean has witnessed an increase in the frequency and intensity of cyclones in recent years.

       This heightened activity raises the risk of more cyclone-related disasters.

 

Government measures:

1. National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project:

       India initiated this project in 2007 to undertake structural and non-structural measures to mitigate the cyclone’s effects.

       The aim of the project is to protect the vulnerable local communities from the impact of cyclones and other hydro-meteorological calamities.

2. Color coding by IMD:

       The India Meteorological Department (IMD) uses a color-coded system to warn people about the severity of a cyclone. The colors range from green (no warning) to red (severe).

3. Early warning system:

       The government has a well-established early warning system for cyclones.

       This system uses satellite data and ground observations to track the progress of cyclones and to issue warnings to the public.

4. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Project:

       This project was launched in 1992 to manage coastal areas in a sustainable manner. The project has been implemented in 13 coastal states and union territories.

 

CONCLUSION:

       Intensity and frequency of the cyclones have increased in recent times due to climate change. So, the government can take structural and non structural measures to reduce the impacts of the cyclones.