GRAPHITE - ECONOMY

News: Why China is restricting exports of graphite

 

What's in the news?

       China said that it will require export permits for some graphite products to protect national security, springing a surprise with another bid to control critical mineral supply in response to challenges over its global manufacturing dominance.

 

       China is the world's top graphite producer and exporter. It also refines more than 90% of the world's graphite into the material that is used in virtually all EV battery anodes, which is the negatively charged portion of a battery.

 

       China's graphite curbs are similar to those imposed since August 1 for two chip-making metals, gallium and germanium. The restrictions have slashed exports of those metals recently and pushed up prices outside of the country.

 

Graphite reserves in India:

       Geological Survey of India (GSI) has released a report on graphite reserves in India. About 35 % of India’s total Graphite reserves is found in Arunachal Pradesh. This is the highest found in the country.

 

Graphite:

       Graphite is a naturally-occurring form of crystalline carbon. It is a native element mineral found in metamorphic and igneous rocks.

       It is extremely soft, cleaves with very light pressure, and has a very low specific gravity.

       It is the only non-metal element that is a good conductor of electricity.

       It is also known as a dry lubricant for its greasy feel.

       It has a layered structure that consists of rings of six carbon atoms arranged in widely spaced horizontal sheets.

       It is dark gray to black in colour, opaque, and very soft.

       It has many industrial uses, particularly for products that need very high heat